Ensuring the Rights of Vietnamese Migrant Workers in the Context of the Covid - 19 Pandemic
Challenges and Solutions
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.19184/csi.v2i1.27916Abstract
Broke out since December of 2019, the COVID-19 pandemic has become a global challenge that seriously affected the development of various economies in the world, including Vietnam. According to the Ministry of labour, War Invalids and Social Affairs of Vietnam (MOLISA), more than 5,000 migrant workers have to return home and risk losing their jobs and income. In addition, the migrant workers who still stay abroad are also subject to myriad difficulties in their lives and health situation, underemployment and reduced income, discrimination, prejudice and xenophobia etc. To clarify the legal and practices issues regarding protecting the rights of Vietnamese migrant workers in the context of COVID-19, the article focuses on analyzing (i) the status of Vietnamese migrant workers and the impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic on this group; (ii) the regulations of Vietnam related to the rights of migrant workers; (iii) the policies have been adopted by the Vietnamese Government to protect the rights of Vietnamese migrant workers during the pandemic, and (iv) recommendations for implementation of policies and laws to ensure the rights of Vietnamese migrant workers in similar circumstances.
Keywords: Human Rights, Migrant’s Rights, Covid-19 Pandemic, Vietnamese Migrant Worker, Labourer’s Rights.Downloads
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References
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———. Dispatch No. 01/CD-LDTBXH on Strengthening measures to prevent and control acute respiratory infections caused by new strains of coronavirus (2020).
———. ‘Final Report on the Implementation of the Law on Vietnamese Guest Workers 2006’, 2007.
———. ‘Proposal to Increase the Level of Support for Workers from the Overseas Employment Support Fund (Äá» Xuất Tăng Mức Há»— Trợ NgÆ°á»i Lao Äá»™ng Từ Quỹ Há»— Trợ Việc Là m Ngoà i NÆ°á»›c)’, 29 July 2021. http://www.molisa.gov.vn/Pages/tintuc/chitiet.aspx?tintucID=226218.
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E1%BB%A7a%20LHQ%20v%E1%BB%81%20t%C3%A1c%20%C4%91%E1%BB%99ng%20x
%C3%A3%20h%E1%BB%99i%20c%E1%BB%A7a%20%C4%91%E1%BA%A1i%20d%E1%BB%
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CDC. ‘Reducing Stigma’. Accessed 13 September 2021. https://www.cdc.gov/mental health/stress-coping/reduce-stigma/index.html.
Dung, Ha. ‘Workers in Korea Re-Register Their Desire to Return Home According to Supported Flights (Lao Äá»™ng Tại Hà n Quốc Äăng Ký Lại Nguyện Vá»ng vá» NÆ°á»›c Theo Các Chuyến Bay Äược Há»— Trợ)’. Nhan Dan, 5 April 2021. https://nhandan.vn/tin-tuc-xa-hoi/lao-dong-tai-han-quoc-dang-ky-lai-nguyen-vong-ve-nuoc-theo-cac-chuyen-bay-duoc-ho-tro--640984/.
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Management/Review_Vietnamese_Migration_Abroad_2012_VN.pdf.
Giang, Tu. ‘Support Vietnamese Workers Working Abroad Who Lost Their Jobs Because of COVID-19 (Há»— Trợ Lao Äá»™ng Việt Nam Là m Việc ở NÆ°á»›c Ngoà i Mất Việc vì COVID-19)’. Communist Party of Vietnam Online Newspaper, 1 April 2020. https://dangcongsan.vn/xa-hoi/ho-tro-lao-dong-viet-nam-lam-viec-o-nuoc-ngoai-mat-viec-vi-covid-19-551614.html.
Hung, Manh. ‘International Human Rights Day 2020: Challenges and Opportunities Posed by the COVID-19 Pandemic (Ngà y Nhân Quyá»n Quốc Tế Năm 2020: Thách Thức và CÆ¡ Há»™i Äặt Ra Bởi Äại Dịch COVID-19)’. Communist Party of Vietnam Online Newspaper, 11 December 2020. https://dangcongsan.vn/thoi-su/ngay-nhan-quyen-quoc-te-nam-2020-thach-thuc-va-co-hoi-dat-ra-boi-dai-dich-covid-19-569691.html.
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releases/WCMS_808937/lang--vi/index.htm.
———. ‘Listening to the Voice of Women Migrant Workers: Gender Mainstreaming in the Draft Law on Vietnamese Workers Working Abroad under Contract (Amended)’, 2020. https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---asia/---ro-bangkok/---ilo-hanoi/documents/publication/wcms_755200.pdf.
IOM UN Migration. ‘IOM Vietnam COVID-19 Response’, October 2020. https://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/iom_viet_nam_sitrep_edited
_final.pdf.
Khanh, Nguyen. ‘Labor Exports Stalled Due to the COVID-19 Epidemic (Xuất Khẩu Lao Äá»™ng Äình Trệ vá» Dịch COVID-19)’. Vinh Phuc Online, 10 June 2021. http://baovinhphuc.com.vn/xa-hoi/63228/xuat-khau-lao-dong-dinh-tre-vi-dich-covid-19.html.
Kieu, Hong. ‘More than 3,000 Vietnamese Workers Working Abroad Have Been Brought Back Home (Äã ÄÆ°a Äược HÆ¡n 3.000 Lao Äá»™ng Việt Nam Là m Việc ở NÆ°á»›c Ngoà i vá» NÆ°á»›c)’. Vietnam Plus, 3 September 2020. https://www.vietnamplus.vn/da-dua-duoc-hon-3000-lao-dong-viet-nam-lam-viec-o-nuoc-ngoai-ve-nuoc/660951.vnp.
Kim, Hyunggun, Yukyong Choe, Duong Vinh Bach Ngo, and Nga Thi Thuy Pham. ‘A Study on Legislative Strategies for Ensuring Gender Equality on the Viet Nam’s Law on Vietnamese Guest Workers’. Korea Legislation Research Institute and Institute of State and Law, 2018.
Manh, Hoang. ‘Covid-19 “Storm†with Implications for the Labour Market (“Bão†COVID-19 Vá»›i Ảnh Hưởng Tá»›i Thị TrÆ°á»ng Lao Äá»™ng)’. Dantri News, 2 February 2022. https://dantri.com.vn/lao-dong-viec-lam/bao-covid19-voi-nhung-he-luy-toi-thi-truong-lao-dong-20220130213753655.htm.
Minh, Binh. ‘The Unemployment Rate in South Korea Hit a 10-Year High Due to COVID (Tỷ Lệ Thất Nghiệp ở Hà n Quốc Lên Cao Nhất 10 Năm Do COVID)’. VnEconomy, 13 January 2021. https://vneconomy.vn/ty-le-that-nghiep-o-han-quoc-len-cao-nhat-10-nam-do-covid.htm.
Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs -Vietnam. Decision No. 1639/QD-LDTBXH stipulating the functions, tasks, powers and organizational structure of the Department of Overseas Labor. (2017). http://www.dolab.gov.vn/New/DutiesAndResponsibilities .aspx?LIST_ID=247.
———. Dispatch No. 01/CD-LDTBXH on Strengthening measures to prevent and control acute respiratory infections caused by new strains of coronavirus (2020).
———. ‘Final Report on the Implementation of the Law on Vietnamese Guest Workers 2006’, 2007.
———. ‘Proposal to Increase the Level of Support for Workers from the Overseas Employment Support Fund (Äá» Xuất Tăng Mức Há»— Trợ NgÆ°á»i Lao Äá»™ng Từ Quỹ Há»— Trợ Việc Là m Ngoà i NÆ°á»›c)’, 29 July 2021. http://www.molisa.gov.vn/Pages/tintuc/chitiet.aspx?tintucID=226218.
Nam, Giang. ‘Job Opportunities for Workers Returning Home (CÆ¡ Há»™i Việc Là m Cho Lao Äá»™ng vá» NÆ°á»›c)’. Nguoi Lao Dong, 18 September 2021. https://nld.com.vn/cong-doan/co-hoi-viec-lam-cho-lao-dong-ve-nuoc-20210917192232709.htm.
National Assembly of Vietnam. Criminal Code 2015 (Law No. 100/2015/QH13) (2015).
———. Decree No. 61/2015/ND-CP on Job Creation Policies and the National Employment Fund (2015). http://vbpl.vn/TW/Pages/vbpq-van-ban-goc.aspx?ItemID=70173.
———. Law No. 69/2020/QH14 on Vietnamese guest workers 2020, Pub. L. No. Law No. 69/2020/QH14 (2020).
———. The Constitution Of The Socialist Republic Of Vietnam 2013 (2013).
Nguyen, Thao. ‘The COVID-19 Epidemic Caused the Unemployment Rate in Thailand to Reach a Record High (Dịch COVID-19 Khiến Tỷ Lệ Thất Nghiệp ở Thái Lan Cao Kỷ Lục)’. Nhan Dan Online, 24 May 2021. https://nhandan.vn/tin-tuc-the-gioi/dich-covid-19-khien-ty-le-that-nghiep-o-thai-lan-cao-ky-luc-647611/.
Phuong, Minh. ‘Vietnamese Guest Workers Get Vaccinated against COVID-19, Look Forward to Visiting Their Hometown during Tet (Lao Äá»™ng Việt Nam ở NÆ°á»›c Ngoà i Tiêm Vaccine COVID-19, Mong Tết vá» Thăm Quê)’. Labour Magazine Online, 6 September 2021. https://laodong.vn/cong-doan/lao-dong-viet-nam-o-nuoc-ngoai-tiem-vaccine-covid-19-mong-tet-ve-tham-que-950217.ldo.
Prime Minister of Vietnam. Decision No. 144/2007/QD-TTg on the establishment, management and use of the Overseas Employment Support Fund (2007). http://vanban.chinhphu.vn/portal/page/portal/chinhphu/hethongvanban?class_id=1&mode=detail&document_id=38337i.
Thien, Duc. ‘40% of Small and Medium Enterprises in Vietnam Have to Cut Staff (40% Doanh Nghiệp Vừa và NhỠTại Việt Nam Phải Cắt Giảm Nhân Sự)’. Tuoi Tre Online, 7 May 2021. https://tuoitre.vn/40-doanh-nghiep-vua-va-nho-tai-viet-nam-phai-cat-giam-nhan-su-2021050715481811.htm.
Tung, Dao Thanh. ‘Japan, the Unemployment Rate Increased Sharply Due to the Fourth Wave of COVID-19 Infections (Nháºt Bản, Tá»· Lệ Thất Nghiệp Tăng Mạnh Do Là n Sóng Lây Nhiá»…m COVID-19 Thứ TÆ°)’. Vietnam News Agency, 29 June 2021. https://ncov.vnanet.vn/tin-tuc/nhat-ban-ty-le-that-nghiep-tang-manh-do-lan-song-lay-nhiem-covid-19-thu-4/7f23c567-16fc-4ffb-bbb9-f58e724e8848.
UN News. ‘COVID Crisis to Push Global Unemployment over 200 Million Marks in 2022’, 2021. https://news.un.org/en/story/2021/06/1093182.
United Nations Vietnam. ‘UN Analysis of the Social Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Vietnam and Strategic Policy Recommendations (Phân TÃch Của LHQ vá» Tác Äá»™ng Xã Há»™i Của Äại Dịch COVID-19)’. Hanoi, Vietnam, 2020. https://www.unicef.org/vietnam/media/6006/file/Ph%C3%A2n%20t%C3%ADch%20c%
E1%BB%A7a%20LHQ%20v%E1%BB%81%20t%C3%A1c%20%C4%91%E1%BB%99ng%20x
%C3%A3%20h%E1%BB%99i%20c%E1%BB%A7a%20%C4%91%E1%BA%A1i%20d%E1%BB%
8Bch%20COVID-19.pdf.
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2022-02-23
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